The copepod family Shiinoidae Cressey, 1975 eye pencil currently comprises nine species of teleost parasites with unusual morphology and a unique attachment mechanism.Female shiinoids possess greatly enlarged antennae that oppose a rostrum, an elongate outgrowth of cuticle that originates between the antennules.The antennae form a moveable clasp ag
Fiber length is one of the major properties determining the quality and commercial value of cotton.To understand the mechanisms regulating fiber length, genetic variations of cotton species and mutants producing short fibers have been compared with cultivated cottons generating long and normal fibers.However, their phenomic variation other than fib
Chronic hepatotropic viral infections are characterized by exhausted CD8+ T cells in the presence of cognate antigen in the liver.The impairment of T cell response limits the control of chronic hepatotropic viruses.Immune-modulatory strategies are attractive options to re-invigorate exhausted T cells.However, in hepatotropic viral infections, the k
Abstract Background Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a rare disorder that involves localized or diffuse thickening of the dura mater.HP is associated with various inflammatory, infectious, and malignant diseases, such as rheumatic arthritis, sarcoidosis, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, IgG4-related disorders, syphili